Experimental investigation of a modified Beckmann-Kirchhoff scattering theory for the in-process optical measurement of surface quality

An experimental investigation of a modified Beckmann-Kirchhoff scattering theory applied in an in-process optical measurement of surface quality is described. The proposed theory describes the scattered light intensity distribution from a surface with the additional layers, and can be employed to analyze the surface characteristics in in-process measurement. Based on light scattering principle and machine vision method, the surface roughness is extracted to testify the correction of the modified Beckmann-Kirchhoff scattering theory. The experimental apparatus consists of a collimated laser diode, a beam splitter, a screen, a measuring lens and a camera. Test specimens with different surface roughness are studied. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of in-process optical measurement of surface quality using the modified model.     

A novel fringe adaptation method for digital projector

Aimed to obtain high-quality sinusoidal fringe projection, a new method to correct the output fringe of digital projector is presented. The method is based on the proposed fringe transform model, which describes the relationship of the input and output fringe pattern. Firstly, a series of fringe patterns are projected and from the fringe images, the transform function is calculated by the pattern shifting method. At last, by modifying the input fringe pattern, a standard sinusoidal output fringe can be achieved. Different from the previous methods, the waveform nonlinearity is estimated by varying the intensity of the projected fringe pixel by pixel; thus the waveform nonlinearity can be estimated precisely and the time cost is considerably reduced. Experimental results show that by modification of the input projection patterns the projector can project fringe with high-quality sinusoidal waveform leading to high performance of the projection system.     

A flexible fast 3D profilometry based on modulation measurement

This paper proposes a flexible fast profilometry based on modulation measurement. Two orthogonal gratings through a beam splitter are vertically projected on an object surface, and the measured object is placed between the imaging planes of the two gratings. Then the image of the object surface modulated by the orthogonal gratings can be obtained by a CCD camera in the same direction as the grating projection. This image is processed by the operations consisting of performing the Fourier transform, spatial frequency filtering and inverse Fourier transform. Using the modulation distributions of two grating patterns, we can reconstruct the 3D shape of the object. In the measurement process, we only need to capture one fringe pattern, so it is faster than the MMP and remains the advantages of it. In the article, the principle of this method, the setup of the measurement system, some simulations and primary experiment results are given. The simulative and experimental result proves it can restore the 3D shape of the complex object fast and comparatively accurate. Because only one fringe pattern is needed in the testing, our method has a promising extensive application prospect in real-time acquiring and dynamic measurement of 3D data of complex objects.     

A high-precision 1D dynamic angular measuring system based on linear CCD for Fengyun-2 meteorological satellite

The Fengyun-2 (FY-2) meteorological satellite uses a one-dimensional dynamic angular measuring system to evaluate the stepping accuracy of the scanning mirror. The basic principle of this angular measurement is detecting the light-spot position displacement using a linear charge-coupled device (CCD). This paper presents the design of this non-contact and non-destructive measuring system. To achieve high repeatability and accuracy the centroid method is employed to estimate the light-spot energy gravity, with 20-segment polygonal approximations as a nonlinear compensation. Experimental results show that the measurement system can achieve dynamic angular measurement with up to ±5″ accuracy and 3.5″ repeatability, which makes a credible evaluation for the scanning mirror of FY-2 meteorological satellite.     

单目摄像机-激光测距传感器位姿测量系统

在单目视觉测量中,由于模型自身的限制,沿摄像机光轴方向上的位移测量精度一般远低于垂直光轴方向上的位移测量精度.首先,从数学模型上分析了单目视觉位姿测量在沿光轴方向上位移测量精度低的原因;然后,为了提高沿摄像机光轴方向上的位移测量精度,通过在沿摄像机光轴方向上加装一个高精度的激光测距传感器,设计了一种单目摄像机-激光测距...     

Determination of the time resolution for neutron scintillation detectors by multi-coincidence measurement

Based on the multi-coincidence measurement, the time resolution of three liquid scintillation detectors (BC501A) were determined strictly by solving the coincidence equations, where the influence from electronics estimated by self coincidence measurement as well as the background had been considered. The result of this work agreed well with the result that was deduced from the traditional method, and it will be helpful to analyze the energy resolution of neutron time of flight spectra measured by using such detectors at CIAE (China Institute of Atomic Energy).     

螺旋管内高压汽水两相流动沸腾干涸点的研究

在较宽的实验参数范围内(系统压力P=8～15 MPa,质量流速G=800～1800 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1),壁面热流密度q_w=200～950 kW·m~(-2))对一立式螺旋管内(管内径为10 mm,螺旋直径为300 mm,节距为50 mm)汽水两相流动沸腾干涸特性进行了实验研究。通过研究,获得了干涸发生时螺旋管圈壁温的分布特征以及压力、质量流速和壁面热流密度这三个参数对临界干度的影响规律。同时在实验数据的基础上,提出了一个适用于计算螺旋管内高压高含汽率工况下汽水两相流临界干度的经验关系式。     

高剪切率的Couette流下液氩流体热导率的分子动力学模拟

基于平衡分子动力学(EMD)模拟方法,对Lees-Edwards周期性边界条件作一修正并成功地应用其形成具有高恒定剪切率的Couette流动,最后通过Green-Kubo公式计算得到了剪切流下液氩流体的热导率。计算结果,表明在剪切流下液氩流体的热导率仍然表现为各向同性,同时还发现流动方向的热导率不随流动剪切率的增加而发生变化,并且该值跟静态下液氩的热导率(λ=0.132 Wm~(-1)K~(-1))基本一致。     

内锥式流量计数值模拟及优化设计

多相流过程参数的准确测量在石油化工与冶金工业等工业过程中十分重要。内锥式流量计作为一种新型差压流量计在多相流测量中逐渐受到关注,它能在较短的直管段条件下对流体实现准确的测量,但其结构尚存在优化的空间,需进行深入研究。本文对传统内锥式流量计做结构变形和优化研究,利用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对DN50 mm水平管道中内锥变形体的流场进行数值模拟,分析在不同结构参数下锥体的水力特性以优化结构。数值仿真结果表明,综合内锥式流量计在取压点、永久压损及测量精确度等因素,优化后的结构可以显著降低永久压损,提高测量重复性和精确度。     

一种测量多相流流型的ECT图像重建算法

提出了一种新的电容层析成像图像重建算法-IMNSNOF算法.该算法在分析极小范数解的基础之上针对ECT逆问题的特点对其进行改进,并利用奇异值分解定理证明这种改进的数值稳定作用.在此基础上建立新的日标泛函,并在求解该泛函的过程中采用正则技巧对其进行改进确保数值解的稳定性.利用非闭合电极ECT传感器实测了多相流沿流向的流型...